Operationalising Research

  • Warschauer's research explicitly refers to a number of other individual characteristics:

    • gender (only 2 men)

    • age (only age range given)

    • length of residence in US

    • number of years studying English

    • proficiency in English

    • fluency in conversation

    • typing ability

    • familiarity with computers

    • 'attitude' to cmc

  • and, there are also 'personality' factors.

  • In fact, Warschauer randomly assigns participants: this is pointless as comparability of groups is unachievable

  • And, Warschauer fails to provide coordinated data:

    • We do not know the composition of the groups in terms of individual characteristics:

    • We do not even know the coordination of individual characteristics (eg what nationality were the two men?)

from: Warschauer's sampling